When ferrous metals come in direct contact with oxygen and moisture, it starts to rust. Rest assured that rusting is a huge drawback of ferrous metals. The major reason for rusting of ferrous metals is its high iron content. However, the combination of oxygen and water create iron oxide or rust.
This reaction results in faster corrosion and degradation. It is increased in humid situations or when the metal is in direct contact with water.
Let us delve into five reasons why ferrous metals are prone to rusting.
Iron reacts easily with oxygen
The main cause of rusting is the propensity of iron to react with oxygen. The combination of iron and oxygen creates iron oxide. This combination along with exposure to air causes rusting. Moreover, this process escalates when surrounded by high moisture content.
Moisture acts as a catalyst
Airborne moisture or direct immersion in water accelerates the rusting process. Oxygen may enter and react with the iron underneath thanks to the assistance of water molecules in dissolving the protective oxide layer on the metal surface.
Electrochemical reactions
Electrochemical reactions occur during rusting. Electrons move between various parts of ferrous metals when they come into contact with water, producing tiny electrical currents. Particularly in regions where the metal is uneven or corroded, these currents encourage the growth of rust.
Environmental factors
When it comes to environmental factors, high humidity and saltwater may cause rusting in ferrous metals. Saltwater promotes rusting by increasing the conductivity of water. It speeds up the electrochemical process.
Lack of protective coating
Ferrous metals are more prone to rust without protective layers like paint or galvanization. The iron corrodes more quickly when oxygen and moisture comes directly in contact with ferrous metals.
To conclude
Iron concentration in ferrous metals combines with oxygen and moisture to speed up the corrosion process in the presence of water and other environmental variables. As a result, they are prone to rusting.
